 | |
| Developer(s) | Microsoft |
|---|---|
| Initial release | 13 February 2002 |
| Stable release | 4.5.2 (4.5.51209.34209) / 6 May 2014 |
| Operating system | Windows 98 or later,Windows NT 4.0 or later |
| Type | Software framework |
| License | Proprietary; FCL underMicrosoft Reference Source License[1] |
| Website | |
What is. NET?
A framework in which Windows applications can be developed and operational.
I agree that the answer is I do not say this much. In order to understand. NET we must go back in time and follow the evolution of Windows and the emergence of Windows programming.
Let's see how it works and the traditional Windows program.
Windows provide programmers with different functions - called API. Starting from the first time enter the Windows commercial market to the latest version of WindowsXP, and the APIs are an essential tool to allow Windows to know what you want to do. If you want to create a dialog box should be specific API call made to you by Windows. Making button requires another API call. And the list goes on. The new interfaces appear on the watch, and new APIs provided in Windows. But using these APIs mother was a very difficult task. Making simple window that prints "hello world" may take more than a hundred lines. Compare this to 5 lines for the "hello world" in DOS. Because of this difficulty, and the Windows programming is something best left to the experts. Microsoft's marketing and other business organization in this and realized that Visual tools that made life easy programmer. Using Visual C + +, Visual Basic, C + + and Borland like other development environments, it has become simpler to make Windows programs.
Different vendors to develop their own "layered wrap" that wrap APIs and Windows Object-Oriented manner. Classes Foundation Microsoft (MFC) which are used in Visual C + +, is an example of wrapper classes. MFC equivalent of Visual Basic is VBRUN; well as Visual J + + is the WFC. This wrapper classes, along with the tools and graphical user interface visual made very convenient to make Windows programs.
I realized that Microsoft applications need to be a powerful way to talk to each other. This led to the introduction of Object Linking and Embedding (OLE). The OLE concept very useful, but I had two major flaws: it was hard to known that the program, and it was very limited in scope - that I only did a few things like drag and drop, and sharing the clipboard, OLE client, OLE server etc.. Microsoft dealt with (or at least tried to address) of each of these problems. They upgrade to the OLE COM. COM was more capable than OLE, and introduced a new concept such as ActiveX controls, which compete directly with Java applets. As for the difficulty of programming OLE / COM; Microsoft MFC and sought care VBRUN most dirty job. Although applying ActiveX was still a little difficult in the Visual C + +, but the development of application development in the ActiveX for Visual Basic was extremely easy; became ActiveX and Visual Basic development and therefore the media before everything.
Internet revolution raises new problems and challenges. The C / C + +, which were not suitable / ready to develop sites tool of Champions. Microsoft tried to expand the MFC, and included many layers of network-oriented - like CSocket, CAsyncSocket, and several varieties of existing HTTP. These classes can be used to develop a very programmer application distribution - though not without great effort. But this was always customized applications targeting specific task. The developers to take care of the communications network gory details themselves. And object-oriented analysis and development, which now become ubiquitous. Although techniques such as remote procedure call (RPC) was a great help for programmers;, but was limited in its scope. After the programmers with development of object-oriented RPC does not help much at all; since RPC did not allow to pass objects as parameters. They were directed at the major issue before the introduction of the industry agreed standards such as CORBA, IIOP, RMI, DCOM etc. All of these standards protocol dedicated used to move an object across the network, and requires tight coupling and are between the server and the client - any client need to be fully aware of how to talk to the server. Due to a tight coupling of these protocols customer service all these efforts to deploy a large distributed applications in order to function correctly. I did eat up the sun with another layer on top of RMI - Enterprise Java beans famous (EJB). EJB container provided a lot of free services - all based on what the programmer had to do is to expand (Genetics) from the appropriate class EJB and there you have it - the distribution of the application is fully functional. EJB programmer make life very easy;, but did not eliminate the issue of coupling customer service.
While all this was happening - Microsoft still does not have writing on the wall - MICROSOFT required a radical new thing to match up to the changing times and changing requirements. Microsoft soon realized that raising the existing techniques do not work out - what is needed is a complete change in philosophy. Has been upgraded to the OLE COM - was welcomed by everyone. Then was promoted to the COM COM +. Microsoft addressed the issue of distributed programming with the introduction of DCOM. Although COM / COM + / DCOM was all good techniques of these technologies, but significant learning curve required. Sun on the other hand has been making things easier, and therefore the majority of developers are moving toward techniques and whether Java-based distributed enterprise applications.
Microsoft - after cold treatment faced by DNA - the teachers got together and asked them to reflect back on the DNA and to reach a vision for the future. This group came with a lot of new ideas and big, which made Microsoft realized that no amount of up-gradation or extension in MFC / VBRUN / WFC, COM / COM + / DCOM, ASP, etc. APIs. Would even get close to achieving this new vision. So they took a radical decision, but the right - and I had this decision to come up with something big, something new, and this is something Microsoft provides compensation lapses of them - that I was called NET Framework ..
The remainder of this article discusses a few of the key features and components. Framework NET. . NET provided after a brief in this article I will conclude by answering the million dollar question - "What is the NET.?"
This article assumes that the reader has a solid experience in programming. It also assumes some experience of Java. Although the experience of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, EJB, ActiveX, VC, VB is not required, but the existence of the preliminary knowledge of these tools appreciate the help. NET best.
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